Outdoor Red Coleus - Care Sheet
Coleus scutellarioides
Overview
The Outdoor Red Coleus, scientifically known as *Coleus scutellarioides*, is a vibrant, colorful foliage plant prized for its striking red leaves. It belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which includes well-known herbs like mint and basil. This species is a fast-growing, bushy annual or tender perennial that thrives outdoors in warm climates or as a seasonal plant in cooler zones. It is suitable for gardeners of beginner to intermediate skill levels due to its relatively easy care requirements, provided its needs for moisture, light, and temperature are met.Quick Facts
| Scientific name | Coleus scutellarioides |
|---|---|
| Common name | Outdoor Red Coleus |
| Difficulty | Beginner to Intermediate |
| Pet‑safe? | Unknown (Lamiaceae family plants can vary; caution advised) |
| Light | Bright indirect to partial shade, some sun-tolerant varieties handle full sun if well-watered |
| Water | Consistently moist soil; water when top 2.5 cm (1 inch) feels dry |
| Humidity | Moderate to high humidity preferred |
| Temperature | 18–29°C (65–85°F); sensitive to cold, frost intolerant |
| Soil | Well-draining, fertile, rich in organic matter |
| Fertilizer | Balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every 4–6 weeks during growing season |
| Repotting | Annually or when root-bound |
| Propagation | Stem cuttings, seed |
Light
Outdoor Red Coleus prefers **bright, indirect light to partial shade**. While traditional varieties thrive best in shaded or dappled light, newer sun-tolerant cultivars can handle full sun if kept consistently moist. Leaves with lighter colors, like chartreuse, may sunburn in direct intense sunlight, whereas darker red foliage usually withstands brighter conditions better. Avoid prolonged exposure to harsh midday sun to prevent leaf bleaching and stress.Water
This coleus species enjoys **consistently moist soil** but must not be waterlogged. Water deeply about once a week, ensuring water drains freely from pots or planting beds. Let the top 2.5 cm (1 inch) of soil dry out slightly before watering again to avoid root rot. Frequency may increase in hot, dry weather or decrease in cooler, humid conditions. Monitoring soil moisture by finger test helps maintain ideal hydration.Humidity
Outdoor Red Coleus thrives in **moderate to high humidity** environments, reflecting its tropical origins. While it tolerates average outdoor humidity, plants benefit from extra moisture in dry climates, which can be provided by misting or grouping plants together. Low humidity may cause leaf edges to brown or curl.Temperature
Ideal temperature range is **18–29°C (65–85°F)**. Coleus is sensitive to cold and cannot tolerate frost. It grows best in warm conditions and should be protected or brought indoors if temperatures approach 10°C (50°F) or below. Sudden temperature drops can cause leaf damage or plant decline.Soil & Potting
Use a **well-draining, fertile soil** mix rich in organic matter. A quality potting mix with peat, compost, and perlite or sand provides good aeration and moisture retention without waterlogging. For outdoor planting, amend garden soil with compost and ensure good drainage. Containers must have drainage holes to prevent root rot.Feeding
Feed Outdoor Red Coleus with a **balanced, water-soluble fertilizer** every 4–6 weeks during the growing season (spring through early fall). Dilute fertilizer to half the recommended strength to avoid leaf burn. Over-fertilizing can cause leggy growth and reduce leaf vibrancy.Repotting
Repot coleus plants **annually or when root-bound**, ideally in spring. Choose a pot slightly larger than the current one with good drainage. Refresh the soil during repotting to replenish nutrients and maintain healthy growth.Propagation
The easiest and most common propagation method is **stem cuttings**. Take 10–15 cm (4–6 inch) cuttings from healthy new growth, remove lower leaves, and root in water or moist soil. Seeds can also be sown indoors 8–10 weeks before the last frost date for outdoor planting after danger of frost has passed.Common Problems
Root Rot
Caused by overwatering or poor drainage, root rot leads to wilting and yellowing leaves. Prevent by using well-draining soil and watering only when the top soil is dry.Sunburned Leaves
Leaves may bleach or develop brown edges if exposed to intense direct sun without adequate water. Provide partial shade during peak sun hours or increase watering.Leggy Growth
Insufficient light or over-fertilizing can cause tall, spindly growth. Pinch back growing tips regularly to encourage bushier growth and reduce fertilizer strength.Pests (Aphids, Mealybugs)
Occasionally affected by common pests. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil and remove severely infested leaves.Leaf Drop
Sudden changes in temperature, watering habits, or light can cause leaf drop. Maintain consistent care and avoid drafts or cold exposure.Toxicity & Pet Safety
The toxicity of *Coleus scutellarioides* to pets is **unknown**, so caution is advised if you have curious cats or dogs. While many Lamiaceae family plants are non-toxic, some coleus varieties can cause mild gastrointestinal upset if ingested. It is best to keep the plant out of reach of pets to avoid any risk.Seasonal Care
In warm climates, Outdoor Red Coleus can grow year-round. In temperate zones, treat it as an annual or bring indoors before the first frost. Pinch off flower spikes during summer to encourage lush foliage growth. Increase watering during hot, dry summer months and reduce feeding and watering as growth slows in cooler weather.Quick Tips
- Provide bright, indirect light or partial shade for best leaf color and health.
- Water when the top 2.5 cm (1 inch) of soil feels dry, avoiding overwatering.
- Use well-draining, fertile soil with good organic content.
- Feed monthly with a balanced, diluted fertilizer during the growing season.
- Pinch back stems regularly to maintain a compact, bushy shape.
- Protect from frost and cold temperatures below 10°C (50°F).
- Propagate easily from stem cuttings for new plants or sharing.
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